危废库设计规范是为了确保危险废物的存储和处理安全可靠而制定的一系列标准和要求。本文将介绍危废库设计规范的主要内容和重要性。

The design specifications for hazardous waste storage facilities are a series of standards and requirements developed to ensure the safe and reliable storage and treatment of hazardous waste. This article will introduce the main content and importance of the design specifications for hazardous waste storage.

1危废库设计规范主要包括以下几个方面：

The design specifications for hazardous waste storage mainly include the following aspects:

危废库的位置选择：

Location selection of hazardous waste storage:

危废库应远离居民区、水源地、敏感生态环境等，以减少对环境和人群的潜在风险。同时，应考虑到危险废物的运输便利性，选择靠近交通要道的位置。集中贮存设施不应选在生态保护红线区域、基本农田和其他需要特别保护的区域内，不应建在溶洞区或易遭受洪水、滑坡、泥石流、潮汐等严重自然灾害影响的地区。地质结构稳定，地震烈度不超过7度的区域内。设施底部须高于地下水位。应在易燃、易爆等危险品仓库、高压输电线路防护区域以外，应位于居民区常年风频的下风向，还应满足基础防渗防腐的相关技术要求。

Hazardous waste storage facilities should be kept away from residential areas, water sources, sensitive ecological environments, etc., in order to reduce potential risks to the environment and people. At the same time, the convenience of transporting hazardous waste should be taken into consideration, and a location close to transportation arteries should be chosen. Centralized storage facilities should not be located within ecological protection red line areas, basic farmland, and other areas that require special protection. They should not be built in karst areas or areas susceptible to serious natural disasters such as floods, landslides, mudslides, tides, etc. In areas with stable geological structures and seismic intensity not exceeding 7 degrees. The bottom of the facility must be above the groundwater level. It should be located in the downwind direction of residential areas with year-round wind frequency, outside the warehouse for flammable and explosive hazardous materials and the protection area for high-voltage transmission lines. It should also meet the relevant technical requirements for basic anti-seepage and anti-corrosion.

2危废库的建筑结构与材料：危废库的建筑结构应具备足够的承重能力和稳定性，以应对可能发生的自然灾害或其他意外情况。所采用的材料应符合防火、防腐蚀等性能要求，能够有效隔离危险废物与外界环境。

2. Building structure and materials of hazardous waste storage: The building structure of hazardous waste storage should have sufficient load-bearing capacity and stability to cope with possible natural disasters or other unexpected situations. The materials used should meet the performance requirements of fire prevention, corrosion prevention, etc., and be able to effectively isolate hazardous waste from the external environment.

3危废库的容器与包装要求：危险废物应分门别类、分类存放，并使用符合国家标准的封闭式容器进行储存。容器的选择应考虑到危废的特性，如易燃、易爆等，以确保安全性。

Container and packaging requirements for hazardous waste storage: Hazardous waste should be classified and stored in closed containers that comply with national standards. The selection of containers should take into account the characteristics of hazardous waste, such as flammability, explosiveness, etc., to ensure safety.

4危废库的通风与防渗漏措施：危废库应具备良好的通风系统，以排除有害气体和污染物，减少危害。同时，危废库地面和墙壁应采取防渗漏措施，以防止危险废物渗漏到土壤和地下水中。

Ventilation and leakage prevention measures for hazardous waste storage: Hazardous waste storage should have a good ventilation system to eliminate harmful gases and pollutants and reduce hazards. At the same time, anti leakage measures should be taken on the ground and walls of hazardous waste storage to prevent hazardous waste from leaking into soil and groundwater.

5设备与消防安全：危废库应配备必要的设备，如灭火器、泄漏处理设备等，以应对紧急情况。消防通道和应急出口应畅通无阻，消防设施应按照相关规范进行安装和维护。

5 Equipment and Fire Safety: Hazardous waste storage facilities should be equipped with necessary equipment, such as fire extinguishers, leak handling equipment, etc., to cope with emergency situations. Fire exits and emergency exits should be unobstructed, and fire protection facilities should be installed and maintained in accordance with relevant regulations.

危废库设计规范的重要性不言而喻。遵循规范可以有效减少危废库发生事故的概率，较大限度地保护环境和人类健康。同时，合理的危废库设计也能降低运营成本，提高工作效率。

The importance of design specifications for hazardous waste storage is self-evident. Following regulations can effectively reduce the probability of accidents in hazardous waste storage facilities, and maximize the protection of the environment and human health. Meanwhile, a reasonable design of hazardous waste storage can also reduce operating costs and improve work efficiency.

在执行危废库设计规范时，还应重视监督和管理工作。相关部门应加强对危废库建设和运营的监管，定期检查和评估其合规性，并对违反规范的行为进行处罚和整改。此外，人员培训也至关重要，须确保从业人员具备足够的专业知识和操作技能，以保证危废库的安全运行。

When implementing the design specifications for hazardous waste storage, supervision and management work should also be emphasized. Relevant departments should strengthen the supervision of the construction and operation of hazardous waste storage facilities, regularly inspect and evaluate their compliance, and punish and rectify behaviors that violate regulations. In addition, personnel training is also crucial to ensure that practitioners have sufficient professional knowledge and operational skills to ensure the safe operation of hazardous waste storage facilities.

总之，危废库设计规范是保障危险废物存储和处理安全的基础。坚持遵守规范，不仅能保护环境，还能保护人们的生命财产安全，同时提高危废库的运营效率。

In short, the design specifications for hazardous waste storage facilities are the foundation for ensuring the safety of hazardous waste storage and treatment. Adhering to regulations not only protects the environment, but also ensures the safety of people's lives and property, while improving the operational efficiency of hazardous waste storage.

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